水稻苗期根系铵钾离子吸收的交互作用研究

doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2017.6155

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】为探讨水稻幼苗根系NH4+ 、 K+ 吸收的交互作用，深化水稻养分吸收理论，【方法】采用溶液培养的方法，对低钾及高钾浓度下水稻在有铵和无铵时的K+ 吸收动力学特征进行了研究，对不同钾浓度下水稻根系NH4+ 的吸收速率进行了比较。【结果】1）当K+ < 0.2 mmol/L时，水稻根系通过高亲和转运系统吸收K+服从Michaelich-Menten动力学方程；NH4+ 的存在显著降低K+ 的最大吸收速率(Vmax)，且降幅随着NH4+ 浓度的增加而增大；NH4+ 对水稻根表载体与K+ 的亲和力（Km）影响较小，在1.62 mmol/L NH4+ 浓度下，水稻品种齐粒丝苗和沪科3号的Km分别下降了12.33% 和16.46%，远低于Vmax 47.30%和39.21%的降幅。2）当K+ > 0.5 mmol/L时，水稻根系K+ 低亲和转运系统发挥作用，K+ 吸收速率随浓度的增加而不断增加，呈不饱和特征；但在相同K+ 浓度下，水稻根系的K+ 吸收速率随NH4+ 浓度的增加而下降。3）水稻根系对NH4+ 的吸收速率随着NH4+ 浓度的增加而增加；在相同NH4+ 浓度下，水稻根系对NH4+ 的吸收速率受K+ 浓度的影响很小。【结论】NH4+ 抑制水稻苗期根系K+ 的高亲和转运和低亲和转运，NH4+ 对K+ 高亲和吸收的影响主要是由于铵竞争细胞膜上的钾载体所致；外界K+ 浓度的变化对水稻幼苗的NH4+ 吸收速率影响很小。水稻铵钾的交互作用主要表现在NH4+ 对K+ 吸收的抑制作用。

关键词: 水稻, 钾吸收, 铵吸收, 低亲和转运系统, 高亲和转运系统

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to clarify the interaction between NH4+ and K+ uptake in rice roots at the seedling stage, and to lay a solid basis for fertilizer application in rice production, 【Method】 we conducted an hydroponic experiment under different NH4+ and K+ concentrations，and analyzed NH4+ and K+ uptake rate of rice roots at the seedling stage. 【Result】 When K+ concentration was less than 0.2 mmol/L, the K+ uptake curve through high-affinity transport system (HATS) in rice root followed the Michaelich-Menten equation. NH4+ decreased K+ uptake rate, the Vmax of K kept decreasing with the increase of NH4+ concentration, however, the effect of NH4+ on Km was relatively little. Compared with zero NH4+ treatment, the Vmax and Km of K+ uptake at the 1.62 mmol/L NH4+ application level decreased by 47.30% and 12.33% in rice variety Qilisimiao(QL), and by 39.21% and16.46% in rice variety Huke 3(HK3), respectively. When K+ concentration was higher than 0.5 mmol/L, it was mainly absorbed through low-affinity transport system(LATS), in which the uptake rate of K+ was kept increasing with the increase of K+ concentration, and NH4+ greatly decreased the uptake rate of K+-LATS at the same concentration of K+. The uptake rate of NH4+ was increased with the increase of NH4+ concentration, however, no significant difference was observed in NH4+ uptake rate under different concentrations of K+. 【Conclusion】 NH4+ reduced K+ uptake both through HATS and LATS of K+; and the effects of NH4+ on K+-HATS uptake were mainly due to the competition of NH4+ for K+-carrier at the cell membrane; K+ had no influence on NH4+ absorption. The interactions between NH4+ and K absorption in rice root at the seedling stage were mainly because NH4+ reduced K+ uptake.

Key words: rice, K+ absorption, NH4+ absorption, low affinity transport system, high affinity transport system

中图分类号:

燕金香1 李福明1,2 褚光1 徐春梅1 陈松1 章秀福1 王丹英1,*. 水稻苗期根系铵钾离子吸收的交互作用研究[J]. 中国水稻科学 2017,31(4): 409-416. , DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2017.6155 .

YAN Jinxiang1, LI Fuming1,2, CHU Guang, XU Chunmei 1, CHEN Song1, ZHANG Xiufu1, WANG Danying1,*. Study on the Interaction Between Ammonium and Potassium Absorption in Rice Roots at the Seedling Stage[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science 2017,31(4): 409-416., DOI: 10.16819/j.1001-7216.2017.6155 .

参考文献

[1] 栗方亮, 李忠佩, 刘明, 江春玉. 氮素浓度和水分对水稻土硝化作用和微生物特性的影响. 中国生态农业学报, 2012, 20(9): 1113-1118. Li F L, Li Z P, Liu M, Jiang C Y. Effects of different concentrations of nitrogen and soil moistures on paddy soil nitrification and microbial characteristics. Chin J Eco-Agric, 2012, 20(9): 1113-1118. (in Chinese with English abstract) [2] 王强盛, 甄若宏, 丁艳锋, 朱燕, 王邵华, 曹卫星. 钾对不同类型水稻氮素吸收利用的影响. 作物学报, 2009, 35(4): 704-710. Wang Q S, Zheng R H, Ding Y F, Zhu Y, Wang S H, Cao W X. Effect of potassium application rates on nitrogen absorption and utilization of different types of rice. Acta Agron Sin, 2009, 35(4): 704-710. (in Chinese with English abstract) [3] Feng H M, Yan M, Fan X R, Li B Z, Shen Q R, Anthony J M, Xu G H. Spatial expression and regulation of rice high-affinity nitrate transporters by nitrogen and carbon status. J Exp Bot, 2011, 62(7): 2319-2332. [4] Szczerba M W, Britto D T, Kronzucker H J. K+ transport in plants: Physiology and molecular biology. J Plant Physiol, 2009, 166(5): 447-466. [5] Spalding E P, Hirsch R E, Lewis D R, Qi Z, Sussman M R, Lewis B D. Potassium uptake supporting plant growth in the absence of AKT1 channel activity-inhibition by ammonium and stimulation by sodium. J General Physiol, 1999, 113(6): 909-918. [6] 封克, 孙小茗, 汪晓丽. 铵对不同作物根系钾高亲和转运系统的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2007, 13(5): 877-881. Feng K, Sun X M, Wang X L. Effect of ammonium on potassium uptake through high affinity transport system for K+ ( K+-HATS) of different crops. Plant Nutr Fert Sci, 2007, 13(5): 877-881. (in Chinese with English abstract) [7] Chaillou S, Vessey J K, Morot-Gaudry J F, Raper C D, J R, Henry L T, Boutin J P. Expression of characteristics of ammonium nutrition as affected by pH of the root medium. J Exper Bot, 1991, 235(42): 189-196. [8] Satoru I, Nobuo S, Sayuri I T, Satomi I, Masato I, Tadashi A, Masato K, Naoki K, Shu F. Real-time imaging and analysis of differences in cadmium dynamics in rice cultivars (Oryza sativa) using positron-emitting 107Cd tracer. BMC Plant Biol, 2011, 11(172). [9] Ma J F, Goto S, Tamai K, Ichii M. Role of root hairs and lateral roots in silicon uptake by rice. Plant＆Cell Physiol, 2001, 127(4): 1773-1780. [10] 孙小茗, 封克, 汪晓丽. K+ 高亲和转运系统吸收动力学特征及其受NH4+ 影响的研究. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2007, 13(12): 208-212. Sun X M, Feng K, Wang X L. Kinetics of high affinity system for K+ and effects of NH4+. Plant Nutr＆Fert Sci, 2007, 13(12): 208-212. (in Chinese with English abstract) [11] 谢少平, 倪晋山. 水稻(威优49)幼苗根系K+ (86Rb+) 吸收的调节. 植物生理学报, 1990, 16(1): 63-69. Xie S P, Ni J S. Regulation of K+ (86Rb+) absorption by roots of hybrid rice (weiyou 49) low-salt seedlings. Acta Phytophysiol Sin, 1990, 16(1): 63-69. (In Chinese with English abstract) [12] 吴平, 印丽萍, 张立萍. 植物营养分子生理学. 北京: 科学出版社, 2001: 164-165. Wu P, Yin L P, Zhang L P. Plant Nutritional Molecular Physiology. Beijing: Beijing Science Press, 2001: 164-165. (In Chinese with English abstract) [13] Ragel P, Rodenas R, Garcia-Martin E, Andres Z, Villalta I, Nieves-Cordones M, Rivero R M, Martinez V, Pardo J M, Quintero F J, Rubio F. The CBL-Interacting protein kinase CIPK23 regulates HAK5-mediated high-affinity k+ uptake in Arabidopsis roots. Plant Physiol, 2015, 169(4): 2863-2873. [14] Nakamura R L, Mckendree W L, Hirsch R E, Sedbrook J C, Gaber R F, Sussman M R. Expression of an Arabidopsis potassium channel gene in guard cells. Plant Physiol, 1995, 109(2): 371-374. [15] Epsten E, Rains D W, Elzam O E. Resolution of dual mechanisms of potassium absorption by barley roots . Proc Nat Acad Sci USA, 1963, (49): 684-692. [16] Maathuis F J M, Sanders D. Mechanism of high-affinity potassium uptake in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA, 1994, 91(20): 9272-9276. [17] Mengel K, Viro M, Hehl G. Effect of potassium on uptake and incorporation of ammonium-nitrogen of rice plants. Plant Soil, 1976, 44(3): 547-558. [18] Schroeder J I, Fang H. Inward-rectifying K+ channel in guard cells provide a mechanism for low-affinity K+ uptake. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1991, 88(24): 11583-11587. [19] Davenport R J, Tester M A. A weakly voltage-dependent, nonselective cation channel mediates toxic sodium influx in wheat. Plant Physiol, 2000, 122(3): 823–825. [20] Ninnemann O, Jauniaux J C, Frommer W B. Identification of a high affinity NH4+ transporter from plants. EMBO J, 1994, 13(15): 3464-3471. [21] Claassen M E, Wilcox G E. Comparative reduction of calcium and magnesium composition of corn tissue by NH4+-N and potassium fertilization. Agron J, 1974, 66(4): 521-522. [22] Kronzucker H J, Siddiqi M Y, Glass A D M, Kirk G J D. Comparative kinetic analysis of ammonium and nitrate acquisition by tropical lowland rice: implications for rice cultivation and yield potential. New Physiol, 2000, 145(3): 471-476. [23] Von W N, Gazzarrini S, Gojon A, Frommer W B. The molecular physiology of ammonium uptake and retrieval. Curr Opin Plant Biol, 2000, 3(3): 254-261. [24] Britto D T, Kronzucker H J. Futile cycling at the plasma membrane: A hallmark of low-affinity nutrient transport. Trends Plant Sci, 2006, 11(11): 529-534. [25] Balkos K D, Britto D T, Kronzucker H J. Optimization of ammonium acquisition and metabolism by potassium in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. IR-72). Plant Cell Environ, 2010, 33(1): 23-34. [26] Szczerba M W, Britto D T, Balkos K D. Allevation of rapid, futile ammonium cycling at the plasma membrane by potassium reveals K+-sensitive and insensitive components of NH4+ transport. J Exp Bot, 2008, 59(2): 303-313. [27] 吴文革, 杨联松, 苏泽胜, 张玉海, 白松, 赵决建, 胡根生, 方文杰. 不同施氮条件下杂交中籼稻的群体质量与产量形成. 中国生态农业学报, 2008, 16(5): 1083-1089. Wu W G, Yang L S, Su Z S, Zhang Y H, Bai S, Zhao J G, Hu G S, Fang W J. Population quality and grain yield construction of mid-season indicia hybrid rice under different N applications. Chin J Eco-Agric, 2008, 16(5): 1083-1089. (in Chinese with English abstract) [28] 刘凯, 杨亚军, 田俊策, 鲁艳辉, 徐红星, 郑许松, 吕仲贤. 不同氮肥用量下转Bt 基因水稻对褐飞虱和白背飞虱生态适应性的继带影响. 中国水稻科学, 2016, 30(2): 200-209. Liu K, Yang Y J, Tian J C, Lu Y H, Xu H X, Zheng X S, Lv Z X. Effects of Bt rice with cry1C and cry2A on the ecological generation fitness of rice brown planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens) and whitebacked planthoppers (Sogatella furcifera) at various nitrogen rates. Chin J Rice Sci, 2016, 30(2): 200-209. (in Chinese with English abstract) [29] 苏东行, 彭显龙, 罗盛国, 刘元英, 宋文博, 张宇. 氮肥管理对寒地水稻倒伏性能的影响. 黑龙江农业科学, 2012(9): 39-42. Su D X, Peng X L, Luo S G, Liu Y Y, Song W B, Zhang Y. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer management on lodging resistance of rice in cold area. Heilongjiang Agric Sci, 2012(9): 39-42. (in Chinese with English abstract) [30] 李敏, 张洪程, 杨雄, 葛梦捷, 马群, 魏海燕, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 曹利强, 吴浩. 水稻高产氮高效型品种的根系形态生理特征. 作物学报, 2012, 38(4): 648-656. Li M, Zhang H C, Yang X, Ge M J, Ma Q, Wei H Y, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Cao L Q. Root morphological and physiological characteristics of rice cultivars with high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency. Acta Agrono Sin, 2012, 38(4): 648-656. (in Chinese with English abstract) [31] 江立庚, 曹卫星. 水稻高效利用氮素的生理机制及有效途. 中国水稻科学, 2002, 16(3): 261-264. Jiang L G, Cao W X. Physiological mechanism and approaches for efficient nitrogen utilization in rice. Chin J Rice Sci, 2002,16(13): 261-264. (in Chinese with English abstract) [32] 彭少兵, 黄见良, 钟旭华, 杨建昌, 王光火, 邹应斌, 张福锁, 朱庆森, Buresh R, Witt C. 提高中国稻田氮肥利用率的研究策略. 中国农业科学, 2002, 35(9): 1095-1103. Peng S B, Huang J L, Zhong X H, Yang J C, Wang G H, Zhou Y B, Zhang F S, Zhu Q S, Buresh R, Witt C. Research strategy in improving fertilizer-nitrogen use efficiency of irrigated rice in china. Sci Agric Sin, 2002, 35(9): 1095-1103. (in Chinese with English abstract) [33] 杨肖娥, 孙羲. 不同水稻品种对低氮反应的差异及其机制的研究. 土壤学报, 1992, 29(1): 73-79. Yang X E, Sun X. Varietal difference of rice plants in response to N and ITS mechanisms. Acta Pedol Sin, 1992, 29(1): 73-79. (in Chinese with English abstract) [34] Mae T. Physiological nitrogen efficiency in rice: Nitrogen utilization, photosynthesis, and yield potential. Plant Soil, 1997, 196(2): 201-210. [35] 刘立军, 桑大志, 刘翠莲, 王志琴, 杨建昌, 朱庆森. 实时实地氮肥管理对水稻产量和氮素利用率的影响. 中国农业科学, 2003, 36(12): 1456-1461. Liu L J, Sang D Z, Liu C L, Wang Z Q, Yang J C, Zhu Q S. Effects of real-time and site-specific nitrogen managements on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency. Sci Agric Sin, 2003, 36(12): 1456-1461. (in Chinese with English abstract)